Introduction For thousands of years, the Earth’s climate has varied according to time and place. The observed changes generally extend over long periods of time, which attenuate the perception that man may have of them at a given time (Jean-Yves Chapron, 2010, p2). However, the various simulations carried out by the IPCC (2007) demonstrate that climate change will mainly affect agriculture in developing countries.
Thus, in this study, it is important to first address the introduction
the methodological approach, namely the malaysia telegram data presentation of the study area, the data collection followed by the analysis and interpretation of the data. It will then be a question of highlighting the results before moving on to the discussion. 1. Methodological approach The methodological procedure applied to this study is divided into different phases.
Presentation of the Study Area The Maradi Region is located in the south-central part of Niger with an area of 41,796 km2, with an estimated population of 4 million inhabitants and has eight (08) departments (INS 2018). The climate is of the Sahelian type characterized by irregular and a comprehensive guide to a new overlay In 2025 poorly distributed precipitation in time and space. This climatic variability causes phenomena such as droughts and floods with food insecurity as a corollary.
At the level of the Maradi region in general and in particular deb directory in the urban commune of Tibiri, especially at the level of the villages of Dan Gao, Tibiri, and Soura Sarkin Galma, the population has had for a long time effective local knowledge in terms of adaptation which, if used wisely, could contribute significantly to measuring the effect of climate variability and change on agricultural production. Figure 1.
This approach is generally more appropriate at the local scale
1.3. Data processing After the collection, data processing was carried out through a number of materials, tools and basic data. The software Word©, Excel© 2010, Sphinx plus²-V5©, Instat©+V3.36, QGIS 2.19.16, GPS Essentials©, and a digital device were used to do (Formatting, input, production of the various figures, calculations of rainfall data, creation of maps, taking of coordinates, and taking of views). 2. Results 2.1. Analysis of annual rainfall data Rain is one of the most important climatic elements.
In the study area, rainfall is poorly distributed in time and space. Heavy rains are recorded in July-August, and can extend until September. The evolution of rainfall depends on the years and is characterized by a strong spatiotemporal variation. Critical points are also observed: the highest annual
accumulation was recorded in 2011 with 653.1 mm, and the lowest in 1998 totaling 282.2 mm.
Thus, the calculated average is 506 mm: the years considered as dry years, below the aver
age which is 400 mm and the yearsconsidered as wet years, exceeding the average which totals 400 mm. Figure 2 details the variables observed during the years from 1989 to 2019.
Figure 2. Trend in annual rainfall in Tibiri from 1989 to 2019 Data source: Tibiri Maradi Municipal Agricultural Service 2.2. Characteristics of respondents This part is devoted to the analysis of the characteristics of the people surveyed. This concerns the distribution of respondents by age group and their status. 2.2.1. Distribution of respondents by age group